June 2006 Archives

Active Fuel Injector Tester

| No Comments
A new essential CH-47976 Active Fuel Injector Tester (AFIT) has been released by SPX Kent-Moore (fig. 1). Shipment of this tool begins in June and is being rolled out initially to all Cadillac dealers (US and Canada), Tier 1 and 2 Chevrolet and GMC dealers in the US, and high volume Chevrolet and GMC dealers in Canada. The AFIT will be an available tool for all other dealers at essential pricing. 
jun_06_techlink_fig1.jpg

WHY A NEW TESTER WAS DEVELOPED


The AFIT was developed to address important issues concerning diagnosing today's gasoline fuel injection systems --

- Improve the accuracy of diagnostics for the new AFIM (Air Fuel Imbalance Monitor) system due to increasing emission requirements. Codes P1174 and P1175 are new for AFIM diagnostics.

- Tech 2 output control for the Fuel Injector Balance Test does not work on vehicles equipped with Theft Immobilizer system (see Diagnosing Fuel Injectors with Tech 2 below).

Existing SI procedures using a pressure gauge and Tech 2 are not reliable enough to determine the root cause of certain driveabilty issues. Needless replacement of injectors can occur if not diagnosed correctly.

TIP: The AFIT can perform multiple fuel system tests, including the Fuel Injector Coil Test, Fuel Pump Pressure Leakdown Test, and the Fuel Injector Balance Test.

TIP: 2004-06 Cacillac SRX and XLR, and 2006 Cadillac STS with LH2 engine require the DLC cable and an additional injector harness connector supplied with the AFIT. The Tech 2 is not able to initiate an Injector Balance Test on these vehicles.

TIP: On vehicles with Theft Immobilizer system and the LH2 vehicles listed above, the AFIT prompts the user to install a fuel injector harness adapter.

HOW THE AFIT WORKS

The CH-47976 Active Fuel Injector Tester (AFIT) is a necessary diagnostic component for today's gasoline fuel injector technology (fig. 2). This new device uses a microprocessor and software program to completely automate the test procedure. It eliminates variations in test results due to individual testing methods or physical property changes of the fuel. 
jun_06_techlink_fig2.jpg

A Main Control Unit

B Fuel Management Unit

C DLC Adapter

All measurements and calculations are performed by the AFIT software, which eliminates the possibility of human error.

The AFIT connects to the DLC with a cable. Certain applications with the Theft Immobilizer system or LH2 engine mentioned above also require the supplied adapter harness. These harnesses connect directly to the injectors or to the vehicle injector harness connector

The AFIT is equipped with a reference injector with a known standard flow rate. This reference injector is used to monitor changes within the fuel system during the balance test. Dynamic changes in fuel properties can occur during the test when cold fuel from the fuel tank enters a hot fuel rail. This can cause the pressure drop measurements to fluctuate from one injector to the other. The AFIT software compensates for these fluctuations by using the reference injector flow measurement within the calculations to determine the vehicle's injector flow rate. To ensure a fixed reference point for the test, the pressure drop for the reference injector is measured three times for each vehicle injector tested.

The AFIT will determine if the injectors are within the GM design and operating specifications for each specific engine. Each injector is identified as GOOD or BAD, using the balance graph. When the test results are downloaded to the TechLine PC, a red bar on the balance graph identifies a suspect injector, a green bar identifies a good injector.

COMPARISON of PRESSURE DROP MEASUREMENT vs. AFIT TIME MEASUREMENT

Current Pressure Drop Measurement Using Tech 2
 (fig. 3)
jun_06_techlink_fig3.jpg 

- Measurement is based on starting and ending fuel rail pressures

- Fuel pressure gauge must be recorded manually

- Dynamic fuel properties during the test may affect readings

- Consistent timing of each step in the procedure is difficult to maintain across all of the injectors. This can lead to differences in the conditions under which each injector was tested, resulting in an overall poor technical test.

- Fuel injector flow properties are determined indirectly through the fuel pressure drop of each injector.

AFIT Time Measurement
 (fig. 4) 
jun_06_techlink_fig4.jpg

- The amount of time it takes for the fuel pressure to sweep through the 90% - 60% of available fuel pressure is measured. This is the window in which fuel injectors operate most of the time.

- The injectors are all tested and compared at the same pressure points and the timing of each step in the process is consistent.

- All measurements are captured digitally, and the sequence is fully automated.

- Time measurement strategy is a better indication of the injector flow properties.

- The AFIT user interface is easier to operate.

USING THE AFIT

The AFIT accurately determines if the fuel system is the cause of a condition. If test results show injector clogging, injectors are to be cleaned or replaced. Refer to SI for the proper cleaning or relacement proceure for the vehicle you are working on. Run the test again to verify that the cleaning or replacement has been successful. A comparison of the before and after test results can be used to document that the repair was successful.

TIP: Not all injectors can be cleaned. Refer to SI or GM Bulletin 03-06-04-030A to determine which injectors can be cleaned.

During the re-test, the AFIT again pinpoints any faulty injector(s) that were not improved. If cleaning was performed, these injector(s) will now need to be replaced. If all of the injectors now test good, the condition has likely been repaired. It is recommended that the vehicle be operated to fully verify the repair.

Complete test results, including balance percentages and flow rates, can be downloaded to the Techline PC for printing and attachment to the repair order for repair verification purposes.

- Thanks to Russ Dobson, Kevin Suhajda and Brian Echtinaw

Using Jumper Pack During Programming

| No Comments

The length of time it takes to program a module has increased dramatically. Some applications can take as much as 30 minutes. This is due to larger calibration files and GMLAN controllers that take longer to program.

During programming, the ignition key must be turned on, without the engine running, which means the vehicle's systems are operating from the vehicle battery. If system voltage drops below 12 volts, programming is interrupted.

To prevent this from happening, a supplemental external power source would be desirable. However, because clean, stable voltage is critical during module programming, the power source must be carefully selected. Any fluctuation, spiking or loss of voltage can interrupt programming, which could cause the controller to lock up.

A battery charger uses a rectifier to convert AC to DC. In many chargers, the rectifier does not filter out all of the AC, which results in "dirty" DC that is not suitable for programming.

One suitable battery charger that has been validated by GM was introduced in the July 2005 issue of TechLink. The Midtronics 165-PSC charger is available in two amp ratings from GM Dealer Equipment.

The Jumper Pack Solution

Here's another solution to the problem. Many dealerships own a portable 12v jumper pack to supply remote power, for instance to jump-start vehicles in the storage lot. These are also sometimes called battery packs or booster packs.

The 12v jumper pack may be suitable for use during module programming.

There are a few precautions you need to be aware of. First, be sure the jumper pack is fully charged before you use it. The purpose of the jumper pack is to supplement the vehicle's battery, so the pack must be up to the task.

Second, do not have the jumper pack plugged into an AC outlet during the programming event. This may introduce stray AC or other fluctuations into the system, which can interrupt the programming process.

TIP: Vehicles with a high number of modules, such as the 2007 C/K trucks, can draw as much as 10 amps with the ignition on, engine off. Under these conditions, a jumper pack will eventually discharge. So, if you are planning to program multiple modules, it may be advisable to use a battery charger such as the Midtronics 165-PSC.

These jumper packs are available from GM Dealer Equipment (1.800.GM.TOOLS).

Kwikstart Model 6225 (fig. 5)

jun_06_techlink_fig5.jpg

Part No. 110-6225

- 18 amp hour battery

- 1000 peak amps

- 250 cold cranking amps

- 32-inch 4 gauge cables

- LEDs for battery state of charge

- External charger

- Overcharge protection

- 400 amp clamps

- 18 lbs.

Kwikstart Model 6250 (fig. 6)
jun_06_techlink_fig6.jpg

Part No. 110-6250

- Hi-performance 17 amp hour battery

- 1650 peak amps

- 650 boost amps

- 360 cold cranking amps

- 32-inch 4 gauge cables

- LEDs for battery state of charge

- External charger

- Overcharge protection

- 400 amp clamps

- 20 lbs.

- Thanks to Mark Stesney and Dave Roland

CH 48106 Suspension Thread Repair Kit Update

| No Comments
Here's the current photo of the CH 48106 Suspension Thread Repair Kit (fig. 7), to replace the one published in the June issue of TechLink. 
jun_06_techlink_fig7.jpg

Battery Drain with Retractable Hard Top

| No Comments
This information applies to the 2006 Pontiac G6 Convertible (Retractable Hard Top) (fig. 8). 
jun_06_techlink_fig8.jpg

The vehicle should be started and the engine running when demonstrating and cycling the top multiple times.

This will prevent a retractable hard top operational issue caused by a low battery state of charge.

For further information on this and other top operational issues, refer to the Retractable Top Operational Card shipped with every vehicle and the Know How Course 12442.10V on a CD which was shipped to every Pontiac service department in mid April of 2006.

- Thanks to Ray Romeo

HVAC Sensors and Actuators

| No Comments

Here's some supplemental information to use when diagnosing DTC fault codes on the HVAC system in the 2007 full-size utilities.

TIP: Always follow the diagnostics presented in SI for the vehicle you're working on.

The two illustrations show the locations of all sensors and actuators for front and rear units. 

Front HVAC unit -- CJ2/CJ3 (fig. 9)

jun_06_techlink_fig9.jpg

A
Sensor 1 -- Air Temperature Sensor -- Upper Left Side

B
Sensor 3 -- Air Temperature Sensor -- Upper Right Side

C
Actuator 3 -- Air Temperature Actuator -- Right

D
Recirculation Actuator

E
Mode Actuator

FUDGE
Sensor 2 -- Air Temperature Sensor -- Lower Left Side

G
Sensor 4 -- Air Temperature Sensor -- Lower Right Side

H
Actuator 1 -- Air Temperature Actuator -- Left

J
Linear Power Module

Rear HVAC unit -- CJ2/CJ3 (fig. 10)

jun_06_techlink_fig10.jpg

A
Sensor 1 -- Inside Air Temperature Sensor Assembly (front of headliner, not shown)

B
Sensor 2 -- Inside Air Temperature Sensor Assembly -- Auxiliary (top left of C pillar, not shown)

C
Sensor 6 -- Air Temperature Sensor -- Upper Auxiliary

D
Sensor 7 -- Air Temperature Sensor -- Lower Auxiliary

E
Mode Actuator -- Auxiliary

F
Air Temperature Actuator -- Auxiliary

G
Linear Power Module

NOTE: Actuators are located on the outboard side of the RR HVAC on Tahoe/Yukon/Denali/Escalade

A table in the TechLink Reference Guide includes a complete listing of DTCs, the components they represent, and additional notes.

- Thanks to Jim Frett

Diagnosing Fuel Injectors with Tech 2

| No Comments
In a typical fuel injector balance test, the Tech 2 is used to pulse a single injector on a non-running engine (key on) to test the flow of that injector. A fuel pressure gauge connected to the fuel rail indicates the pressure drop resulting from the pulse of each injector.

Comparing the pressure drops of all of the injectors on the same vehicle indicates if all injectors are operating properly. This test can be done without vehicle disassembly and serves as a quick troubleshooting step during vehicle repair.

Alternate Procedure Required

The Tech 2 Fuel Injector Balance Test output control function does not work on some vehicles equipped with the PPEI 3 theft immoblilzer system.

Some engines in the following vehices are affected:

- 2006-07 Chevrolet Impala/Monte Carlo

- 2006-07 Buick Lucerne

- 2006-07 Cadillac DTS

- 2007 C/K trucks

TIP: A complete listing of vehicle/engine combinations is available on the TechLink website, under the Reference Guide tab.

After one of these vehicles is in the key-on/engine-off state for 10 seconds, the immobilizer sets a fuel injector disable flag. Once the fuel injectors are disabled, the two Tech 2 output control functions are disabled (fuel injector and starter relay).

A fuel injector balance test cannot be completed within 10 seconds. So, an alternative balance test procedure is required. Refer to this heading in SI: Fuel Injector Balance Test With Special Tool.

TIP: If the AFIT (see main article) is used on these vehicles, fuel pump operation can be controlled by the tester through the DLC. However, additional jumper harnesses must be installed to the operate the injectors.

TIP: The Fuel Pump Output Control on the Tech 2 will still work.

There are two ways to tell if the vehicle is affected:

1. Use the list on the TechLink website under Reference Guide.

2. When trying to use the affected Output Controls (if available), the return message "Fuel Enable Not Set For Theft Deterrent" will be displayed on the Tech 2.

Effective with TIS Data version 5.0 (May 1, 2006), the Fuel Injector Balance Test is removed from the Tech 2 for the vehicles mentioned above. Refer to Tech 2 version 26.004. The Starter Relay Output Control will also be removed.

- Thanks to Mark Stesney and David Schulte

Parking Brake Knurled Surface

| No Comments
On the 2001-06 Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra 3500 with Dual Rear Wheels (RPO R05), there have been questions about a knurled appearance of the parking brake drum-in-hat surface (fig. 11). 
jun_06_techlink_fig11.jpg

The knurling looks like fine machine cut lines across the surface of the drum-in-hat. This knurling can be found on new service replacement rotors, as well as new stock units. The purpose is to improve "green" unburnished park brake performance. As the park brake linings get burnished, the knurling wears off.

No repairs should be made. This is a normal condition.

- Thanks to Jim Will and Steve Love

Two extensive and useful reference files have been placed in the Archive section of the TechLink website. To locate them, look at the top of any month's home page (any language). Locate the Archive tab and click. Then scroll down to locate the files described below.

TIP: These files are in PowerPoint format.

J-35616 Test Probe Kit History

The original J-35616 Test Probe Kit was shipped as an essential tool in 1986 and has been updated several times.

This presentation (25 slides) shows every update, from the J-35616 Test Probe Kit's introduction in 1986 to the current J-35616-C Test Probe Kit (fig. 12). 
jun_06_techlink_fig12.jpg

TIP: Proper test probe information is now contained within the Connector End View of almost every connection system in SI.

Today's connection systems use many types of very small terminal sizes which can be damaged if the wrong test probe is used.

J-38125 Terminal Repair Kit Update Procedure

The original J-38125 Terminal Repair Kit was shipped as an essential tool in 1987 and has been updated numerous times.

As time has gone by, the updates have become more complex. It can be very confusing to get the J-38125 Terminal Repair Kit properly organized when left undone for more than two years.

IMPORTANT: Your J-38125 Terminal Repair Kit must be updated to the present J-38125-F level before the 2006 update, which is scheduled to ship at the end of 2006. Due to obsolescence, a number of tray cavities will have to be emptied and new terminals will be supplied to fill the vacancies. If your kit is not in order, this will be a very difficult task for you to accomplish.

This presentation (82 slides) shows every step in the history of the J-38125 Terminal Repair Kit. But more importantly, it shows you how to organize all of the updates, resulting in the present J-38125-F (fig. 13). 
jun_06_techlink_fig13.jpg

SI directs you to a specific tray to find the service terminal you need, and itemizes the specific crimp tool(s), terminal release tool or test probe for each terminal. If the J-38125 Terminal Repair Kit is not organized as this presentation shows, it will take you much longer to locate what you need.

TIP: Service terminal information is now contained within the Connector End View of almost every connection system in SI.

- Thanks to John Roberts

Cruise Control and Check Gauges Lights Inoperative

| No Comments
Vehicle Stability Enhancement System (VSES) is now standard equipment on the Trailblazer and Envoy for 2006-08. This required changes to the base level instrument cluster (without DIC).

On the base level instrument cluster, the cruise indicator is replaced by the service stability indicator, and the check gauges indicator is replaced by the stability active indicator. This change does not affect the uplevel cluster with DIC (RPO U68); the cruise control light is still available.

If a customer is concerned that their cruise control and/or check gauges lights are inoperative, explain that these lights are not available on vehicles without the DIC.

No repair is necessary. The cruise control feature still functions as in the past. Do not replace the instrument cluster.

This information is available in Preliminary Information bulletin PIT 3776A (SI Document 1815447).

- Thanks to Sonny Quan

Luggage Carrier Siderails

| No Comments
The luggage carrier siderails on the Chevrolet HHR feature a satin chrome finish (fig. 14). Recently, the manufacturer of these parts began using an environmentally friendly material to produce the finish. 
jun_06_techlink_fig14.jpg

As a result, the satin finish now has a slightly different appearance (fig. 15). This is normal, and no repair or replacement is necessary. 
jun_06_techlink_fig15.jpg

A Original finish

B Revised finish

- Thanks to Dana Rush

Using Tech 2 to Diagnose "Service Stability" Light

| No Comments
This information applies to the 2006 Buick Rainier, Chevrolet TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer EXT, TrailBlazer SS, GMC Envoy, Envoy XL, Envoy Denali and Saab 97x .

The Service Stability light is on and DTC C0455 is stored. When the Tech 2 is used, it lacks diagnostics capabilities. This is due to the software within the EBCM/VSES module that allows the Tech 2 to display data.

To obtain additional diagnostic data for the Steering Wheel Position Sensor, reprogram the EBCM/VSES with an updated calibration using TIS 2 WEB. Select the calibration titled "New software with diagnostic enhancements for DTC C0455 and changes that eliminate the need to replace the EBCM when the Yaw Rate sensor is replaced."

Once the EBCM/VSES has been reprogrammed with the new calibration, the Tech 2 will now be able to access addition stability data related to the C0455 DTC and Steering Wheel Position Sensor. This data will include:

- Steering Wheel Position Degrees

- Analog Steering Wheel Position Voltage

- Digital SWPS Phase A and Digital SWPS Phase B.

TIP: To access this additional data in the Tech 2, "build" the vehicle as a 2007 model year in the Tech 2.

If the vehicle is "built" as a 2006 model year, the additional Tech 2 data will not be available. Use the Tech 2 path below to obtain this additional Tech 2 data.

2007 / Light Duty Truck, MPV, Incomplete / Select Product Make (Chevrolet, GMC Buick or Saab) / Select Line (S or T) / Select Product Series (Rainier, Trailblazer, Envoy or 97x) / Chassis / Electronic Brake Control Module / Data Display / Select (ABS/TCS/VSES)

TIP: Install this calibration only when attempting to diagnosis a steering wheel position/C0455 concern, replacing a yaw rate sensor or when replacing and programming a new EBCM/VSES module.

TIP: This calibration offers no performance enhancement to the stability system. It only allows parameters previously missing in the Tech 2 to be viewed and aids in diagnostics, and the ability to recalibrate yaw rate on a 2006 MY vehicle.

- Thanks to Dino Poulos

Navigation Radio Concerns

| No Comments
Some owners of the 2007 Chevrolet Tahoe, Suburban, GMC Yukon, Yukon XL, Denali, Denali XL with RPO U3U or UVB may experience one or more of the following navigation (U3U) and (UVB) radio concerns:

1. Low volume from the radio and/or OnStar system -- Reprogram the navigation radio with the latest calibration available in TIS version 2.75 or later.

2. Radio displays "Map Disk Error" when trying to operate navigation portion of radio --This may be caused by operator error. Be sure the map disk is installed in the correct slot, located behind the navigation screen. To access this slot, go to the Navigation menu and select the Load Map CD button.

TIP: Exact instructions and location of the slot are found in the navigation supplement owner manual.

3. Clock will not update itself when the vehicle enters a new time zone -- This is normal operation and the radio should not be replaced for this concern.

TIP: The navigation supplement owner manual explains how to manually change the clock settings.

- Thanks to Paul Radzwilowicz

Multiple Glow Plug DTCs

| No Comments
This information applies to 2006 Chevrolet Express, Kodiak, Silverado, GMC Savanna, Sierra, and TopKick

equipped with the 6.6L (RPO - LBZ or LLY) Duramax Diesel Engine.

A vehicle may have the SES light on and multiple cylinder glow plug DTCs set. Multiple glow plug DTCs may be caused by internal opens in the glow plugs.

There are two different descriptions for an internal open in a glow plug.

A fast open glow plug has an internal open circuitry, but no visual damage to the tip of the plug.

A slow open glow plug has internal open circuitry, and the tip of the plug is missing or damaged.

Complete the SI diagnostics for any symptoms or DTCs found. If the diagnostics for P0671 - P0678 lead to a glow plug resistance of more than 1 ohm, replace all of the glow plugs. If any glow plug tip is missing, remove the cylinder head and remove all debris from the cylinder. When the tip of the glow plug enters the cylinder, engine damage may occur. Make any engine mechanical repairs as needed.

1. A loose battery feed connection at the starter, alternator, or the Glow Plug Control Module (GPCM) may induce glow plug concerns. When the starter, generator, or GPCM battery feed circuit has a poor connection, the GPCM senses a voltage fluctuation, and induces the GPCM to power up the glow plugs. Untimed GPCM cycling may cause glow plug concerns.

Inspect the connections at the starter, generator, and both ends of the battery feed cable to the GPCM. Connector C1 terminal 1 at the GPCM is a quick disconnect connector. Make sure the terminal fit is clean and tight and the quick disconnect is seated properly.

The source or main power feed location differs depending on the vehicle being serviced.

- On C/K trucks, the power feed stud is located in the Under Hood Bussed Electrical Center (UBEC). To access this power feed stud, remove the secondary UBEC cover.

- On G vans, inspect the underhood junction block connection.

- On 4500/5500 trucks, inspect the secondary fuse block connection.

2. Other electrical scenarios can induce glow plug concerns. If the glow plug system senses a certain electrical noise on the power feed, the glow plugs may go open. This electrical noise may be induced by jump starting, disconnecting the batteries with the ignition in the ON position, or a battery charger being used during a module reprogramming event.

3. If the glow plug DTCs have set on a very low mileage vehicle (below 1000 miles), the glow plugs may have been damaged by the start-up test conducted at the engine assembly plant.

4. Do not replace the GPCM for all 8 internal opened glow plugs. GPCMs have been returned and inspected with no problem found.

5. Complete all electrical circuit inspections and engine repairs as described above. After necessary repairs are completed, update the calibration in the GPCM. See campaign 06522. Install the new GPCM software and complete Fuel Injector Flow Rate Programming following SI procedures.

TIP: Add-on remote starter kits or alarm kits must be removed before any glow plugs are replaced. Interruptions to normal starting procedures may induce glow plug concerns.

- Thanks to Don Langer

Turbocharger Oil Supply

| No Comments

This information applies to 2001-06 Chevrolet, Express, Kodiak, Silverado and 2001-06 GMC Sierra, Topkick. with the 6.6 LB7, LBZ, and LLY engine.

The turbocharger oil feed line is a high pressure plastic tube protected by a stainless steel braided covering (fig. 16). If it is twisted or bent too far during turbocharger removal, the plastic line may fold and kink. The kink may cause an oil flow restriction or an oil leak.

jun_06_techlink_fig16.jpg

TIP: If the plastic pipe becomes kinked, it will not return to its normal size and shape. The damage may not be obvious when inspected. The braided steel covering will hide the deformity.

During any type of repair that includes turbocharger oil feed line removal, do not twist or turn the line. This type of movement will immediately collapse the plastic line.

6.6 LB7 engine -- The turbocharger oil feed line can be pulled directly away from the turbocharger body in a perpendicular fashion. Be careful to avoid excessive bending of the line.

6.6 LBZ or LLY engine -- The EGR cooler does not allow enough perpendicular movement of the line to clear the turbocharger for removal. You can push the line straight forward of the turbocharger with less risk of kinking the line.

TIP: You may need assistance to keep the lines clear of the turbocharger during removal or installation.

- Thanks to Don Langer

Transmission Fluid Leak

| No Comments
Some owners of a 2006 Cadillac STS-V or XLR-V, or a Chevrolet Corvette with 6L80 (RPO - MYC) may comment on a transmission fluid leak from the transmission to cooler line connection.

The cooler line sealing washer may be missing. This washer is a flat seal that should be located between the cooler lines and the transmission.

The sealing washer is available from GMSPO as p/n 15259948. The washer is also included with the transmission oil cooler line set available from GMSPO.

- Thanks to Rusty Sampel

HVAC Control Head

| No Comments
On the new 2007 full size utilities (Cadillac Escalade, Chevrolet Tahoe and GMC Yukon) with RPO CJ2 or CJ3, a replacement HVAC control head must be programmed using TIS.

TIP: When a replacement control head is installed, it may appear to be operational, but if not programmed some functionality will be lost.

- Thanks to Jim Will

Car Issues -- Fix It Right the First Time

| No Comments

Truck Issues -- Fix It Right the First Time

| No Comments

Powertrain Issues -- Fix It Right the First Time

| No Comments

Know-How Broadcasts for July

| No Comments

December 2011

Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
        1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
This Month's Cover

Archives

Languages

About this Archive

This page is an archive of entries from June 2006 listed from newest to oldest.

May 2006 is the previous archive.

July 2006 is the next archive.

Find recent content on the main index or look in the archives to find all content.

Home Page