ACDelco studies have shown replacement air conditioning compressors fail four times more often than original compressors because of a failure to properly restore the system. ACDelco has disassembled, reviewed, and analyzed hundreds of air conditioning compressors returned under warranty. The failure of these compressors can be grouped into three major categories:
• Lubrication
• Refrigerant
• Debris
When repairing A/C conditions, performing the necessary service to protect replaced parts is important to avoid replacement failures and comebacks. Prior to and after compressor failure, debris particles from a failure flow throughout the refrigerant system in both directions. These particles imbed themselves in various internal components and cannot be completely flushed from the system. (Fig. 4)
Fig. 4
The most cost-effective service method for protecting the compressor and other new components is to install a suction screen ahead of the compressor and an in-line filter ahead of the control valves. These protection devices have virtually no effect on overall A/C system performance but they greatly improve the protection of a compressor from any residual failure debris.
A quick visual inspection may prevent needless compressor replacement caused by other conditions, such as a low charge, Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC), electrical connections, or loose fasteners. Check for proper charge levels and purity as well as confirmation of clutch engagement. Compressors with a low charge make noise. A proper charge may silence a noisy compressor.
Job Aids Online
For more information about A/C compressor installation, a printable .pdf file is available on TechConnect Magazine Online. The A/C compressor job aid and several other job aids are available under the Troubleshooting PDF Job Aids link in the Resources section on the right side of the page.
The job aid includes a number of tips to follow when installing an A/C compressor. The job aid also provides a list of related components that should be inspected when troubleshooting the A/C system. The operation of many of these components will affect the performance of the compressor. Finally, there are several tips to verify proper installation and operation to help ensure customer satisfaction.
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